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Sometimes it can end up there. For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. Empathy and Social Responsibility. The rest of the passengers grow angry. "Refugee - Analysis" eNotes Publishing However, beneath the surface, the ride isnt as perfect as it looks, and Josef has to take the initiative several times. Plus, our printable worksheets make it easy to take the fun offline. Lito keeps reminding himself and Isabel that they will get to America tomorrowmaanaa promise that soon reveals a deeper meaning. This immediately places Josef in the role of an adult, forcing him to grow up quickly. Josefs story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. Powerful and compelling. (including. Heartrendingly, Josef notes that he and Ruthie never want to leave the St. Louis, the first place they have been treated as human beings in a long while. Meanwhile, the civil war in Syria still continues to precipitate one of the worst humanitarian crises in history. eNotes.com Teachers may opt to lower the security if they want to allow sharing. Complete your free account to request a guide. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Empathy and Social Responsibility. 3 Mar. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. A large part of the novels narrative focuses on boats, which represent tenuous hope. His family decides to leave and trek to Germany. What is the resolution for Josef, Isabel, and Mahmoud inRefugee? Usually, Im not interested in history, but I couldnt put this book down. In exchange for Rachels diamonds, the soldiers offer her an impossible bargain: she can save just one of her children from being arrested. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. Josef Landau. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Aarons purported crime is that he is still practicing law when the Nazis have expressly forbidden the Jewish community from that profession. In the end, these three stories are connected. Struggling with distance learning? Each story weaves actual events into the narrative to create a realistic picture of the struggle and tragedies that families in each of these situations have faced. Even amongst people who have lost everything, they still have empathy toward this man who showed the same courtesy to a fellow Jewish person. Refugee is a powerful novel about three very different children. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! Josef's story is set in Nazi Germany in 1939. Filled with both tragic loss and ample evidence of resilience, these memorable and tightly plotted stories contextualize and give voice to current refugee crises, Exceptional readers Michael Goldstrom, Kyla Garcia, and Assaf Cohen tackle Gratzs compelling novel. Last Updated on June 29, 2020, by eNotes Editorial. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Once a beautiful, thriving city, Aleppo is now a bombed shell of its former self. Complete your free account to request a guide. Lito, Isabels grandfather, also joins them. The smugglers raft is destroyed by rocks as they cross the Mediterranean. Thus, the waters are deceptive for Josef, as is proved when the St. Louis is turned back from the Cuban shore. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. eNotes Editorial. And although Josef, Isabel, and Mahmoud are separated by continents and decades, surprisingconnections will tie their stories together in the end. Isabels best friend and neighbor, Ivn, is building a small boat with his father so that his family can flee to America. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Chapter 13 Summary: "Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939" During the Atlantic crossing in 1939, Josef's bar mitzvah ceremony is about to take place. Isabels boat, too, tips over, the sea claiming her familys food and water. Josef and his family flee Nazi Germany in 1938; Isabel and her family flee Cuba in 1994; and Mahmoud and his family flee Syria in 2015. Christina Diaz Gonzalez, author of The Red Umbrella and A Thunderous Whisper. Refugee Characters. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. What are some ways we can all help. After Mahmouds home is destroyed, his brother Waleed, sister Hana, and his parents drive to the border of Turkey, hoping to escape. Her father is caught participating in the "Maleconazo" riot, during which citizens protested the government's civil rights abuses as well as the economic crisis that had plunged the nation into poverty. When students storyboard, they are actively engaged in the learning process and can make connections between the text and their own lives. Even though Aaron still lives, his suicide attempt shows not only his own inner despair but the trauma that this event causes for Josef. Aboard the St. Louis, Josefs family and the other passengers, all Jewish refugees, are treated well by Captain Schroeder and most of the ships crew. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. On Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass, members of the Brownshirts, the police force of Nazi Germany, invade Josefs house and take away his father, Aaron Landau. . Faced with her father being sent to prison, Isabel and her family (her pregnant Mami, Papi, and grandfather Lito) decide to band together with Isabel's best friend Ivan and his family, the Castillos. In one, Josef and his Jewish family flee Nazi Berlin in 1938. publication in traditional print. (including. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Thank you! Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. After it capsizes, it is another boat that gives Hana a chance at life, and it is a Greek Coast Guard boat that ultimately rescues Mahmouds family. In 1938, his home is raided by Nazi storm troopers, and his father is taken to the Dachau concentration camp. Margaret Neville, The King's English Bookstore, 2018 Sydney Taylor Book Award Winner for Older Readers, 2018 National Jewish Book Award Winner for Young Adults, New York Times Notable Middle Grade Childrens Book 2017, 2017 Cybils Middle Grade Fiction Award Winner, 2018 Indies Choice/E.B. How does the. Chapter 34 Summary: "Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939" Aboard the MS St. Louis, the passengers give a hero's welcome to Officer Padronthe policeman who rescued Josef's father from the water. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. The Nazis invade France just a few months after Josefs family arrives there. Josef is a Jewish boy in 1930s Nazi Germany. All will face unimaginable dangersfrom drownings to bombings to betrayals. Josef's father, along with thousands of other Jewish men, was arrested and sent to Dachau, a concentration camp. for a group? All storyboards and images are private and secure. While they travel, they ask if anyone has seen Hana. Seor Castillo, who is passive for much of the action, pulls Isabel into the water at the end of the novel to ensure that she reaches the American coast. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. Josef's life is turned upside down on the night when Nazi Brownshirts take his father away to a concentration camp. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. What details do you notice that show that this story is not taking place in the United States? Josef's story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. As a narrative device, this has the effect of accentuating the perils of unusual transcontinental journeys, which the reader is habituated to consider in terms of air travel. Six months later, his mother receives a telegram that her husband has been released, but the family must leave Germany immediately. Get news and updates about the stuff Alan writes! In 1938 Berlin, a 12-year-old Jewish boy named Josef is awakened by the sound of Hitler's Brownshirts breaking into his family's apartment. For one, fiction enables the reader to inhabit history in a way that textbooks and newsprint cannot accommodate. March 4, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 Summary & Analysis Josef: Berlin, Germany - 1938; Isabel: Outside Havana, Cuba - 1994 (1) Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria - 2015 (1) . Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. When Josefs father is reunited with his family, they notice that Dachau has changed him: he is paranoid and very thin. Already a member? This is a fascinating tale. Refugee follows the stories of three different children and their families, each attempting to flee their violent homelands, in different regions of the world and during different decades. $24.99 on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% All three families make their asylum-seeking journeys on boats through perilous waters. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. 20% The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. But for each of them, thereis always the hope of tomorrow. Mahmouds city, the once-beautiful Aleppo, is particularly vulnerable, since it houses a large number of rebels opposed to al-Assad. After a riot in Havana, Isabels family decides that they should also leave Cuba immediately. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. Like everyone else during the Holocaust, he was scarred, both emotionally and physically. Just when Miami becomes visible on the horizon, a U.S. Coast Guard boat tries to intercept the two families. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days. What I really like about this book is the changing perspectives. The second date is today's However, because the number of people fleeing Cuba was enormous, the US government was extremely ambiguous about granting them asylum, placing the refugees in a very precarious position. Mahmoud Bisharas story is the most recent: he and his family live in Aleppo, Syria, in 2015 and escape to Germany. | Discount, Discount Code T he main characters in Refugee are Josef Landau, Isabel Fernandez, and Mahmoud Bishara.. Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old Jewish boy living in Berlin, Germany, in 1938. It only gets worse for them, but in the end, he learns a powerful life lesson: Its better to be visible than invisible, because even though the bad people can harm you, the good people can help you. The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. His experiences with oppression in Germany, and then as a refugee, cause him to grow up far sooner than he should have to. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. The Nazis invade France in 1940, forcing the Landaus to go on the run once again. Like Josef, Isabel too has to grow up overnight in the face of uncertainty and assume the mantle of the adult of the family. This is a must read for anyone, especially people who like history. The stories are set in different times and places and are told from the perspective of the refugee children. A passing, overcrowded boat cannot accommodate all of them, but at Mahmouds insistence, a woman onboard agrees to take Hana. In Cuba in 1994, eleven-year-old Isabel Fernandez lives a life of poverty and uncertainty in the middle of civil strife. Mahmoud decides that he no longer wants to be ignored and leads the refugees out of the prison, walking twelve hours to Austria. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! Josef did, and he sacrificed himself for Ruth. According to history, most of the St. Louiss passengers had to return to Europe, denied asylum by Cuba and Europe. Note: When citing an online source, it is important to include all necessary dates. Meeting Aaron at Hamburg, Josef is shocked to see his once-confident father visibly anxious and harrowed. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Refugee is a novel by Alan Gratz that examines three interrelated stories of the refugee experience. Finally, storyboards are a great way to assess student understanding because they provide a visual representation of student learning. Fatima holds little Hana over her head, while Mahmoud keeps Fatima afloat. Isabels beloved grandfather Litoshort for Abuelitois on board as well, though he is unsure about leaving Cuba. Equally real are the events of 1994 depicted in the novel. After drifting off to the Bahamas, the Fernandez and Castillo families finally steer back on course to reach Florida, but not before Isabels mother delivers her baby brother in the boat. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. Refine any search. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. The last date is today's They run into several problems, like being in bloody water with many sharks around on a sinking boat and there are high stakes at the end. Though Josef is devastated, he wonders if this is what becoming a man means - not relying on your father. By focusing on details such as Ruths stuffed rabbit, Mahmouds counterfeit life jackets, and Isabels trumpet, fiction forces readers to view tragedy not as a removed phenomenon, but as something happening daily to people like us.. Yet this episode also shows how Ruthie has been able to retain some of her innocence and childhood as she plays, which only showcases Josefs comparative maturity when he refuses. The chapter ends as Josef searches for his father and realizes his father has jumped overboard. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Instant PDF downloads. Even Mahmouds precarious raft is a promise of tomorrow. It only gets worse for them, but in the end, he learns a powerful life lesson: Its better to be visible than invisible, because even though the bad people can harm you, the good people can help you. Lito tells the story of the St. Louis and how he had to turn away so many refugees when he was a young policeman. Refine any search. They take a train to board the St. Louis, where it feels like paradise compared to the treatment they received the last couple of years. Isabel Fernandezis escaping Castro's Cuba in 1994. Refugee is both thrilling and heartrending. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. The interplay between water and vessel, then, marks the unpredictable nature of a refugees journey. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights, Refugee: Things dont go as planned when a fight breaks out and the family has to leave their car and belongings behind. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. In large numbers, Cubans are protesting the regime of Fidel Castro, whose flawed policies they believe have led to the economic catastrophe. Word Count: 1050. However, one day Castro announces that he wont enforce staying in the country anymore, and Isabels family is ready to leave in a small boat their friends made. Isabel Fernandez's story begins in 1994 in Havana, Cuba under the oppressive rule of Fidel Castro. Chapter 22 Summary: "Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939" . The novel begins with the story line of twelve-year-old Josef, a Jewish boy in Germany. Refugee by Alan Gratz is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. Thus, it would be a mistake to interpret Refugee as only a tale about extraordinary, heroic children. An elderly couple, Herr and Frau Rosenberg, welcome them into their home. publication online or last modification online. on 50-99 accounts. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. As the starving populace rioted against dictator Fidel Castros police, Castro allowed Cubans to flee to the United States, thus ending the riots in effect. Josef is loyal, compassionate, paternal, and selfless. Summary Josef is still outside the Havana Harbor, 21 days from home. What is a conflict in the book Refugee by Alan Gratz? The two families face many challenges as they try to cross the Caribbean Sea to Florida. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. Refugee is a New York Times bestselling historical fiction novel. Kimberly Brubaker Bradley, Newbery Honor winning author of The War That Saved My Life. The journey aboard the St. Louis from Hamburg to Havana is a sunny interlude in Josef and Ruths troubled childhood. Josefs father is taken to Havana to recover. This is how Mahmoud puts it: No one cares about us if we stay out of your way, but if we come near you were seen as a burden. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. The last date is today's After the fall of the Soviet Union, Cuba has become inhospitable for most of its citizens under the regime of Fidel Castro. Mahmoud's story is set in Syria in 2015 during the Syrian Civil War. Word Count: 1329. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Isabel trades her trumpet to a fisherman for gasoline, paying her familys way onto Ivns familys boat. everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of Refugee. For the last few years, there has been a war in his country between the Syrian government, rebels, the Soviets, the United States and several other factions. Despite his father's absence, Josef is pleased to see 100 men gathered to perform the ritual with him. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. Refugee looks readers straight in the eye, challenging them to truly see these kids who are battling the worst moments of our recent history. After the war ended, Ruth returned to Germany to look for Josef and Rachel, but learned that the two were killed in concentration camps. When Officer Padron returns to the St. Louis, he is treated like a hero by the Jewish passengers. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. date the date you are citing the material. The author can choose to leave the storyboard public or mark it as Unlisted. What is the summary of refugee? Full of struggle, heroism, and non-stop adventure, Refugee is not only an important book, its a terrific story. Within the portal, all users can view and copy all storyboards. A stunning, poignant novel about the plight of refugees Grade A. Alan Gratzs novel Refugee (2017) illuminates the worldwide refugee crisis through the stories of three children fleeing possible death with their families in different times and places. Mahmoud; Waleed; their parents, Youssef and Fatima; and their baby sister, Hana, leave for Germany. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. Log in here. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Comment on the use of imagery in "Games at Twilight.". Some novels are engaging and some novels are important. This dude does his history homework and then hides it in a total page-turner. Josef, his sister Ruth, and his mother all travel to Hamburg to board a ship that will take them to Cuba. Please wait while we process your payment. This heart-stopping novel is not only compelling it is necessary. The way the content is organized, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. White Read-Aloud Award Finalist, 2018 NCTE Charlotte Huck Outstanding Fiction for Children Honor Book, 2017 Malka Penn Award for Human Rights in Childrens Literature Honor Book, Kirkus Reviews Best Middle Grade Historical Books of 2017, Publishers Weekly Best Middle Grade Books of 2017, Southern Living Best Childrens Books of 2017, Publishers Weekly Best Audiobooks of 2017, School Library Journal Top Ten Audio Books of 2017, Booklist Editors Choice: Top 10 Audio for Youth 2017, Audible Best Kids Audiobooks of 2017 Finalist, Center for the Study of Multicultural Childrens Books Best Books of 2017, New York Public Library Top 100 Best Books for Kids 2017, Chicago Public Library Kids Best Fiction for Older Readers 2017, Amazon Top 20 Best Childrens Books of 2017, 2019 Oklahoma Sequoyah Intermediate Book Award Winner, 2018-2019 Pennsylvania Young Readers Choice Grade 6-8 Winner, 2018-2019 Maine Student Book Award Winner, 2018-2019 Vermont Dorothy Canfield Fisher Award Winner, 2019 North Carolina Childrens Book Award Winner, 2019North Dakota Flicker Tale Book Award Winner, 2020 Illinois Rebecca Caudill Young Readers Book Award Winner, 2020 Wisconsin Golden Archer Medal Winner, 2019-2020 Louisiana Young Readers Choice Awards Honor Book, 2020 Arizona Grand Canyon Reader Award Winner, 2019-2020 Tennessee Volunteer State Book Award Winner, 2019-2020 Indiana Young Hoosier Book Award Winner, 2020 California Young Reader Book Award Winner, 2019-2020 Minnesota Maud Hart Lovelace Award Winner, 2018 Colorado Blue Spruce Young Adult Book Award Nominee, 2018-2019 MarylandBlack-Eyed Susan Book Award Nominee, 2020 Nebraska Golden Sower Award Finalist, 2020 New Jersey Garden State Teen Book Award Nominee, 2020 Washington State Sasquatch Book Award Nominee, 2019 Hampshire (England) Book Award Finalist, 2020 Colorado Childrens Choice Book Award Masterlist, 2020 Pacific Northwest Young Readers Choice Award Masterlist, 2020 New Hampshire Isinglass Teen Read Award Masterlist, 2021 German Youth Literature Award Nominee.