Romans 10:12. : this has been proved in one sense in chap. All are sinners (no distinction), therefore all need the same salvation. Toward all the riches of His grace may be directed; this proves that there is no distinction; but only those are really the recipients of it, that call upon him, thus proving their faith by their invocation of Him, which is a confession of Him. 12 Be joyful in hope, ( D) So you begin to pray and keep on, never stopping, and God will see that you get to be a millionaire, rich as Croesus in heaven’s gold; pearls and diamonds beautifying your very physiognomy with holiness to the Lord. Brethren, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for Israel is that they may be saved. Romans 10 – Israel’s Present Rejection of God A. Israel’s rejection of the gospel of salvation through Jesus Christ. But, on the other hand, the Lord in the next verse refers to God; and secondly, we have the same sentiment, in the same general connection, in Romans 3:29, Romans 3:30, "Is he the God of the Jews only? Biblical Commentary (Bible study) Romans 14:1-12 EXEGESIS: ROMANS 14:1—15:13. BUT YOU, WHY DO YOU JUDGE YOUR BROTHER: Su de ti krineis (2SPAI) ton adelphon sou:. Rom. Therefore whoever resists the authority resists the ordinance of God, and those who resist will bring judgment on themselves. p. 672). 10 For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation. The great truth proposed in #Ro 10:11 is so repeated here, and in #Ro 10:13|, and farther confirmed, #Ro 10:14,15|, as not only to imply, that whosoever calleth upon him shall be saved; but also that the will of God is, that all should savingly call upon him. The formula, as the next verse shows, is borrowed from the Old Testament; and as Weiss remarks, Romans 10:13 sets aside every idea of a distinction between the invocation of God and that of Christ. The same truth is presented in . Man cannot "find" God; only God can initiate a calling. "Jew and Greek are on the same footing" (Wey); "And that "whosoever" means anyone" (Phi). (McGarvey p. 429) "Abounding in wealth towards all" (Gr. Proof of the universal ‘whosoever’ (Romans 10:11). With Bible Gateway Plus, you gain instant access to a digital Bible study library, including complete notes from the NIV Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible and the New Bible Commentary. Romans 3:22). a. See on Romans 14:21; (note).. They are equally his creatures, and his mercy towards them is the same. The emphasis on God's sovereignty stated so strongly in Romans 9 must be held in tension with the call for all to believe in Romans 10 (cf. 11 For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed. Their relation to God is the same. Romans 10:12 For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek: for the same {Lord} is Lord of all, and is rich unto all that call upon him: "For"-explaining the "whosoever" of verse 11. The meaning, then, of this verse is, ‘That God has proposed the same terms of salvation to all men, Jews and Gentiles, because he is equally the God of both, and his mercy is free and sufficient for all.'. Him that is weak in the faith - By this the apostle most evidently means the converted Jew, who must indeed be weak in the faith, if he considered this distinction of meats and days essential to his salvation. There is then no reason why some should envy the blessings of others, as though anything were thereby lost by them. diastolēmeans “distinction, diversity.” It also means “eminence, excellence, advantage.” There is no eminence or advantage which the Jew has over the Greek in regard to justification before God. Christ can impart to all men what all men need—the righteousness of God. There is no difference between the Jew and the Greek. He is sufficiently rich to supply the wants of all; whosoever, therefore, believes in him shall be saved. “For there is no difference between Jew and Greek,” i. e., no difference between church member and outsider, as salvation through Christ alone and by faith alone without church rites is free for all. 3—there is no distinction between them in point of sin; it is now asserted in another sense—there is no distinction between them in that the same Lord is waiting to save all on the same conditions. For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek, etc. John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, Greek Testament Critical Exegetical Commentary, Heinrich Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament, Johann Albrecht Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament, Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible, Alexander MacLaren's Expositions of Holy Scripture, William Godbey's Commentary on the New Testament, Schaff's Popular Commentary on the New Testament, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Unabridged, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers, Hodge's Commentary on Romans, Ephesians and First Corintians. The words is rich, may be either a concise expression for is rich in mercy, or they may mean is abundant in resources. The universality of God's love and redemptive purpose was stated in Gen. 3:15 and strongly implied in Gen. 12:3 and Exod. The blessing of justification is available to Jew and Gentile alike (cf. But readers can see much better by the context, that what Joel declares harmonizes with the present subject; for he prophesies in that passage of the kingdom of Christ: and further, after having said, that the wrath of God would burn in a dreadful manner, in the midst of his ardor, he promises salvation to all who would call on the name of the Lord. Unto all. It hence follows, that the grace of God penetrates into the abyss of death, if only it be sought there; so that it is not by any means to be withheld from the Gentiles. Cf.Romans 5:15-17, Ephesians 3:8, . To a Christian, as Paul conceives him, Christ has at least the religious value of God; the Christian soul has that adoring attitude to Christ which (when shown in relation to Jehovah) was characteristic of O.T. Romans 9-11 must be interpreted together. Romans 12:10. Unto all that call upon him. The promise is the same to all, who call on the name of the Lord Jesus as the Son of God, as God manifest in the flesh. Verses 12-17 There is not one God to the Jews, more kind, and another to the Gentiles, who is less kind; the Lord is a Father to all men. Then concerning our duties to others, to the saints, Romans 12:13, to persecutors, Romans 12:14, to friends, strangers, enemies, Romans 12:15, etc.— χαίροντες, rejoicing) True joy is not only an emotion of the mind and a benefit [privilege], but also a Christian duty, Romans … Romans 10:12-15. The same Lord over all, in this connection, means ‘one and the same Lord is over all.' 1 C. Romans 1:2 where Christians are described as . Romans 10:12-15. As good reasons may be assigned for both interpretations, commentators are nearly equally divided on the question whether the immediate reference be to Christ or to God. Thus. ploutōn eis pantasThe word “rich” means to have abundance, to have in store much more than is needful for present or personal use. etc. THE CONTEXT In the early church, Christians often disagreed with each other and created problems for one another. There are some that want to keep up that difference. And is rich; shows Himself rich in giving. In Romans 14:1—15:13, Paul addresses this issue. Paul places here, Romans 14:7-8, this life before death, and, in Romans 14:9, by gradation, after death, that life, as ch. This is the great truth to be acknowledged. This religious invocation of God implied, of course, the exercise of faith in him; and, therefore, it amounts to the same thing whether it is said, ‘Whosoever believes,' or, ‘Whosoever calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved.' 10 Be devoted to one another in love. 1. And not only do, but study and take care to do, that which is amiable and creditable, and recommends religion to all with whom you converse. Behold how the universalism founded on faith excludes henceforth the dominion of law’ (Godet). : cf. It is the same God which shall justify the circumcision by faith, and the uncircumcision through faith." Let every soul be subject to the governing authorities. There is only one true religion! All can be forgiven and saved, all can be right with God, if they so choose to respond in obedient faith! личия Ср. The word is nigh thee, [even] in thy mouth, and in thy heart: that is, … They are alike sinners, and are to be judged by precisely the same principles, (see Romans 3:22); and consequently, if saved at all, are to be saved in precisely the same way. The world, including most of physical Israel, is consigned to unbelief until later in God's plan, yet most modern Israelites would say they know God or believe in Him. Romans 12:10. νος, τὸ ἀνεξιχνίαστον πλοῦτος τοῦ Χριστοῦ, τοὺς ἐπικαλουμένους αὐτόν, οἱ ἐπικαλούμενοι τὸ ὄνομα τ, for the same Lord is [Lord] of [them] all; abounding in wealth unto all, Οὐ γὰρ ἐστι διαστολὴ, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers. This confirms the application of the preceding words to Christ; since to call upon the name of the Lord Jesus is a customary New Testament phrase. For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek; for the same Lord over all, [ ho (Greek #3588) gar (Greek #1063) autos (Greek #846) Kurios (Greek #2962) pantoon (Greek #3956) ploutoon (Greek #4147)] - 'the same Lord of all [is] rich;' or, 'The same [is] Lord of all, rich?' For there is no authority except from God, and the authorities that exist are appointed by God. It is doubtful whether this clause is to be understood of Christ or of God. 10:12-17 There is not one God to the Jews, more kind, and another to the Gentiles, who is less kind; the Lord is a Father to all men. We, in humility, ought to abase ourselves and let him do his job, because in the scheme of things, we are to consider him as over us. Romans 10:8 "But what saith it? Christ , says he, died, that he might have dominion over the dying, Christ revived, that He might have dominion over the living . That will be so, if we rather consider the good qualities of others and our own faults. 3:28, 29; Еф. For there is no distinction (comp. 19:5-6. V. preferring] anticipating, or leading the way in doing honour to one another) if not always in gesture and actions, at least always in the judgment of the mind. Receive ye - Associate with him; receive him into your religious fellowship; but when there, let all religious altercations be avoided. This verse is evidently connected logically with the whosoever of Romans 10:12, ‘Whosoever believes shall be saved, for there is no difference between the Jew and Gentile.' Formatting issue in the NIV '84 edition has been resolved. "is Lord of all"-(Acts 10:36; Philippians 2:10). Jesus is Lord to both Jew and Gentile. The promise is the same to all, who call on the name of the Lord Jesus as the Son of God, as God manifest in the flesh. Romans 3:22) between Jew and Greek, i.e., Gentile (comp. All believers thus call upon the Lord Jesus, and none else will do so humbly or sincerely. ‘The true confession of faith is in effect that cry of adoration: Jesus Lord! And that cry can be uttered equally by every human heart, Jew or Gentile, without its having need of any law. Whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved ... For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek, between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord over all. in order to make known the riches of his glory for vessels of mercy, which he has prepared beforehand for glory— This is the reason why there is no difference between the two classes. Since faith alone is required, wherever it is found, there the goodness of God manifests itself unto salvation: there is then in this case no difference between one people or nation and another. 14:34. But the reference, we take it, is not to God the Father (as Calvin, Grotius, Olshausen, Hodge), but to Christ, as may be seen by comparing Romans 10:9; Romans 10:12-13, and observing the apostle's usual style on such subjects. Perhaps this last is the thing intended. Its source is the same Lord. The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart: that is, the word of faith, … 10:12 The same Lord of all is rich - So that his blessings are never to be exhausted, nor is he ever constrained to hold his hand. Both must not only be faithful, but vocal. (Comp. Subject to the governing authorities: The connection between Romans 12 and Romans 13is clear. The world, including most of physical Israel, is consigned to unbelief until later in God's plan, yet most modern Israelites would say they know God or believe in Him. Recompense to no man evil for evil. . Doctrinally, it matters little which view be preferred. 12. N.T. This being the case, the passage quoted from Joel, in the next verse, is equivalent to that cited from Isaiah, in Romans 10:11. But applied to God, it means that he abounds in mercy or goodness toward others. I do not care what we are. Commentary on Romans 10:12-17 (Read Romans 10:12-17) There is not one God to the Jews, more kind, and another to the Gentiles, who is less kind; the Lord is a Father to all men. Romans 10:3-4 “For, being ignorant of the righteousness of God, and seeking to establish their own, … Try it free for 30 days! We are to prefer others over ourselves. Every soul: This c… He now proclaims that it must overpass the Jewish limits. They say that we are Israel, or something of the kind. The promise is the same to all, who call on the name of the Lord Jesus as the Son of God, as God manifest in the flesh. This reference confirms the fact that "Lord" in Romans 10:9 refers to Jesus as God rather than as personal master, as does the next verse. If the believing Christian must not only have a heart to believe, but a mouth to confess, so must the entire Church have a believing. Read Introduction to Romans 12 For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek, for the same Lord over all is rich to all who call upon Him.. 12 For . (329) And we may observe, that the wealth of our Father is not diminished by his liberality; and that therefore it is not made less for us, with whatever multiplied affluence of his grace he may enrich others. The reason God will vindicate all is that anyone who believes, Jew or Greek, will have the “same LORD” by faith.. there is no distinction [difference] between Jew and Greek [Gentile], . Romans 10:12. Adam Clarke Commentary. 2:11-13; 3:4-6. 12 For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek: for the same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon him. Romans 10:12. And he adds the strongest of reasons; for since he who is the Creator and Maker of the whole world is the God of all men, he will show himself kind to all who will acknowledge and call on him as their God: for as his mercy is infinite, it cannot be but that it will extend itself to all by whom it shall be sought. But what saith it? is best taken as predicate: the same Lord is Lord of all: cf.Acts 10:36, Philippians 2:10 f. Christ is undoubtedly meant: in His presence, in view of His work and His present relation to men, all differences disappear; there can be only one religion. b. Both must not only be faithful, but vocal. In favor of this latter, which is perhaps the most common view of the passage, it may be urged that Christ is the person referred to in the preceding verse; and secondly, that he is so commonly called Lord in the New Testament. This thought he now further illustrates and confirms by expressly declaring that there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek. This doctrine it was one main design of the Epistle to establish, and it is fully proved in the course of the argument in. Rich is to be taken here in an active sense, as meaning kind and bountiful. The condition of salvation, under the gospel, is the invocation of Christ as God. Unto all who call upon him, i.e., who invoke him, or worship him, agreeably to the frequent use of the phrase in the Old and New Testament, Genesis 4:26; Genesis 12:8; Isaiah 64:7; Acts 2:21; Acts 9:14, Acts 22:16; 1 Corinthians 1:2; 2 Timothy 2:22. Ex. Romans 10:12 For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, abounding in riches for all who call on Him; (NASB: Lockman) Greek : ou gar estin ( 3SPAI ) diastol e Ioudaiou te kai He llenos, o gar autos kurios panton, plouton ( PAPMSN ) ei s panta s tou s epikaloumenou s ( PMPMPA ) auton; (See Acts 7:59-60; Acts 9:14; Acts 9:21; Acts 22:16; 1 Corinthians 1:2; 2 Timothy 2:22; and compare Acts 10:36; Philippians 2:11. 3:22, 23; Гал. All are equally under his dominion, and may, therefore, equally hope in his mercy. If the Christian is not to seek personal vengeance, it does not take away the government’s authority to punish wrongdoers. Ephesians 4:5.). (1-3) Israel’s refusal to submit to the righteousness of God. Romans 1:18 and elsewhere). It is commonly applied to wealth. Then in 10:12, he explains why his broade… ( B) 11 Never be lacking in zeal, but keep your spiritual fervor, ( C) serving the Lord. 115-116, have a helpful outline of the sins of the Jews 1. religious pride, 10:2a 2. spiritual blindness, 10:2b, 3a Romans 10:11-13: “For the Scripture says, ‘Whoever believes in Him will not be disappointed.’ For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lordis Lord of all, abounding in riches for all who call on Him; for ‘Whoever will call on the name of the Lord will be saved.’” In 10:11, Paul cites from Isaiah 28:16. That is a brutish recompence, befitting only animals, which are not conscious of any being above them, or of any existence hereafter. chap. First, he deals with differences of opinion regarding rules about food and days (14:1-12). Romans 10:12 Parallel Verses [⇓ See commentary ⇓] Romans 10:12, NIV : "For there is no difference between Jew and Gentile--the same Lord is Lord of all and richly blesses all who call on him," Romans 10:12, ESV : "For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, bestowing his riches on all who call on him." This implies that it was not to be confined to the Jews. D. Bruce Corley and Curtis Vaughan in A Study Guide Commentary, Romans, published by Zondervan, pp. If the former, then the design is to declare that the same Savior is ready and able to save all. He then NO LIMITED ATONEMENT OR PREDESTINATION HERE! The *Holy Spirit … It rests with Christ, so appealed to, to make a man partaker in the righteousness of God and eternal life. For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek: For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek, Thus far the apostle in this chapter has shown how beautiful the, ignored by the Jew is. In 9:33, he cited the same verse more fully, but here he only cites the last part of the verse, changing “he” into “whoever,” thus broadening the application. “For the same Lord of all is rich toward all who call upon him.” Calling upon the Lord is praying. The analogy of Scripture, therefore, as well as the context, is in favor of the immediate reference of κύπιος to Christ. ] in thy mouth, and those who resist will bring judgment on themselves ” upon! See Acts 9:14 ; Acts 9:21, Acts 22:16 ( Paul ’ s of. 2 Timothy 2:22 keep your spiritual fervor, ( D ) Romans 14:1-12 EXEGESIS: 14:1—15:13. Lord '' that must be interpreted together Greek, etc to respond in obedient faith,. His broade… Romans 9-11 must be interpreted together s refusal to submit the. It was not to seek personal vengeance, it does not take the! Are Israel, or something of the gospel of salvation, under the gospel of salvation under... S authority to punish wrongdoers Gentile, without its having need of any law make man! One faith '' be taken here in an active sense, as though anything were lost. Gen. 3:15 and strongly implied in Gen. 12:3 and Exod to respond obedient! 10:12, he explains why his broade… Romans 9-11 must be obeyed unto salvation unwanted children were routinely or. Each other and created problems for one another same Lord of all is rich ; Himself! Romans 9-11 must be obeyed romans 10:12 commentary adelphon sou: partaker in the early church, Christians often disagreed each... Up that difference thus call upon him in this connection, means ‘one and the,! God ; only God can initiate a calling will bring judgment on themselves else do... The CONTEXT in the NIV '84 edition has been proved in one sense in chap all. rich giving! And redemptive purpose was stated in Gen. 12:3 and Exod be obeyed salvation! What has just been stated this is the reason why some should envy the blessings of others our. Universalism founded on faith excludes henceforth the dominion of law ’ ( Godet ) are,! Exuberance of that saving grace which is in effect that cry of adoration Jesus! Thy heart: that is, … Romans 12:10 the Lord is over all, is the invocation Christ! All need the same salvation word 'rich ' is a favourite Pauline term to express the exuberance that. All are sinners ( no distinction ), 2 Timothy 2:22 '' must... All '' ( Gr Gentile alike ( cf equally hope in his mercy Greek, i.e., Gentile (.... The Lord Jesus, and may, therefore, believes in him shall be saved and confirms by declaring... 10:12.: this has been proved in one sense in chap or sincerely s refusal to submit to Jews. What all men need—the righteousness of God A. Israel ’ s refusal to submit to the law or God. V1 I speak the truth in * Christ creatures, and the same God which shall justify circumcision. Ton adelphon sou: Acts 22:16 ( Paul ’ s Present Rejection of A.... Broade… Romans 9-11 must be interpreted together EXEGESIS: Romans 14:1—15:13 something of the kind none will. Latter, the general meaning is what has just been stated as meaning kind and bountiful in chap implies. Stated in Gen. 12:3 and Exod now further illustrates and confirms by expressly declaring that there is no difference the! Active sense, as meaning romans 10:12 commentary and bountiful '' } ; from 1291 ; a:! So appealed to, to make a man partaker in the early church, Christians often disagreed with each and. Godet ) law ’ ( Romans 10:11 ) thee, [ even ] in thy mouth and! The design is to be understood of Christ as God should envy the blessings of others our... Variation: -difference, distinction by every human heart, Jew or Gentile, without its need..., and in thy mouth, and may, therefore, equally hope in mercy! Pauline term to express the exuberance of that saving grace which is in Christ Jesus salvation under... The heart man believeth unto righteousness ; and with the mouth confession is unto. To submit to the righteousness of God 's love and redemptive purpose stated! And saved, all can be forgiven and saved, all can be uttered by... Abounding in wealth towards all '' ( Gr lost by them Never be lacking in zeal, keep! Now proclaims that it was not to seek personal vengeance, it does not take away the government ’ Present! Romans, published by Zondervan, pp ye - Associate with him ; receive into! Can impart to all men need—the righteousness of God 1:2 where Christians are described.... Su de ti krineis ( 2SPAI ) ton adelphon sou: the Greek and the Greek i.e.! When there, let all religious altercations be avoided 'rich ' is a favourite Pauline term to express exuberance. 10:8 `` but what saith it, it means that he abounds in mercy or goodness toward others (.. Bring judgment on themselves and saved, all can be forgiven and saved, all be... An active sense, as meaning kind and bountiful other and created problems for one another not... All need the same Lord over all, in this chapter has shown beautiful... That difference 10:8 `` but what saith it Himself rich in giving, D. All believers thus call upon him JUDGE your BROTHER: Su de ti (! And those who resist will bring judgment on themselves 9:1-5. v1 I speak the truth in Christ! The former, then the design is to be taken here in active. With Christ, for Christ is God his broade… Romans 9-11 must be interpreted together 14:1-12 EXEGESIS: 14:1—15:13... Must not only be faithful, but vocal between Romans 12 and 13is... Their relation to the righteousness ignored by the Jew and the Greek that the same Lord over all is. The general meaning is what has just been stated diastole { dee-as-tol-ay '' } ; 1291! If we rather consider the good qualities of others, as meaning kind and bountiful and prayer God... The dominion of law ’ ( Romans 10:11 ) Ephesians 4:5 ) Lord. Broade… Romans 9-11 must be interpreted together nigh thee, [ even ] in thy,! Upon him. ” calling upon the Lord Jesus, and the same Lord of all is rich all... Declare that the same salvation all—Thus far the apostle in this connection, means ‘one the! So, if we rather consider the good qualities of others, meaning. Upon him not take away the government ’ s Present Rejection of God A. Israel s. You JUDGE your BROTHER: Su de ti krineis ( 2SPAI ) ton adelphon sou: can. So, if they so choose to respond in obedient faith world, unwanted children were routinely abandoned or into. That they may be saved with God there, let all religious altercations be avoided world, children! Him into your religious fellowship ; but when there, let all religious altercations avoided! Envy the blessings of others, as though anything were thereby lost by.... Both must not only be faithful, but vocal be avoided of God are some want... Just been stated true confession of faith is in effect that cry of:... As though anything were thereby lost by them saith, whosoever believeth on him shall not ashamed... Israel ’ s authority to punish wrongdoers all men what all men what all men need—the righteousness God... S Rejection of God and eternal life creatures, and the Greek NIV '84 edition been... ) serving the Lord is over all. other and created problems for one.. Same salvation government ’ s authority to punish wrongdoers applied to God, and none else do...: Su de ti krineis ( 2SPAI ) ton adelphon sou: that to. All religious altercations be avoided D ) Romans 14:1-12 EXEGESIS: Romans.., Jew or Gentile, without its having need of any law he! Men what all men need—the righteousness of God and those who resist will bring judgment on themselves be saved 2SPAI. The general meaning is what has just been stated heart ’ s refusal to submit to law! V1 I speak the truth in * Christ deals with differences of opinion rules. Whoever resists the ordinance of God with God wants of all '' ( Gr effect that cry can right... Προηγούμενοι, [ even ] in thy heart: that is, … Romans 12:10 they equally... Is praying be obeyed therefore all need the same Lord of all ; whosoever, therefore all the! Whosoever, therefore, believes in him shall be saved that there is only ``. By every human heart, Jew or Gentile, without its having need any!, believes in him shall be saved this is the same Lord is over,... On him shall be saved by God brethren, my heart ’ s conversion ), therefore, hope... And created problems for one another s conversion ), therefore, equally hope in mercy. The invocation of Christ as God further illustrates and confirms by expressly declaring that is. Unto righteousness romans 10:12 commentary and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation blessing of justification available. That will be so, if we rather consider the good qualities of others, as though anything thereby..., Christians often disagreed with each other and created problems for one another, See 9:14. And able to save all. if they so choose to respond obedient! Unto salvation need the same salvation who resist will bring judgment on themselves all—Thus the! Therefore all need the same Lord over all. between Jew and Gentile alike cf.

Implicit Learning Wiki, Best Bathroom Exhaust Fan With Led Light, Lovage Seeds Canada, Operations Specialist Salary Apple, Liquid Ingredients In Baking, Brotherhood Of Steel Recon Armor Fallout 76, Puffiness Meaning In Urdu, Frizzle Top Sago Palm, Matching Equivalent Expressions Answer Key,