No two marks are the same. Thomas Broomhead - 55 Nursery ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. & R. Beet - 61 Broad Ln. Image courtesy of Lyon & Turnbull. Watson & Bradbury - Mulberry St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. John Marshall - 23 Church St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Joseph Smith - Trippet Ln. Saville Pacey - Hoyle St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. E. Oakes & Son - 3 Orchard Ln. James Crawshaw - 37 High St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr.~ Table Knife Mfr. Hartley, Linley & Co. - Paradise St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. 95.84% silver by weight - The standard for silver items from 1697 to 1720. Palladium is rarely used in its purest form, with alloys added it achieves the desired strength and durability. Cadman, Son & Broadhurst - 37 Norfolk St. ~ Table Knife & Fork Mfr. Colley & Hargreaves - 53 Burgess St. ~ Table Knife & Fork Mfr. All graphics are taken from real hallmarks. ~ Britannia Metal Mfr. Joshua Marsden - 88 Great Pond St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Samuel Warburton - 55 Trippet Ln. Parkin, Parker & Co. - 3 Arundel St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Schofield & Co. - 18 Union Ln. Britannia Silver. John Thompson - 29 Howard St. ~ Polisher. Samuel Pacey - Philadelphia ~ Table Knife Mfr. The first silver hallmarking was confined to Goldsmiths’ Hall in London but in time other assay offices were opened. John Etches - 42 Howard St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Elizabeth Kay - 23 Meadow St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. For example the Birmingham Assay Office began stamping jewellery in India in 2016. Peter Spurr & Son - 89 Arundel St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Thomas Jas. EPNS denotes Electro-Plated Nickel Silver, and EPBM is Electro-Plated Britannia Metal. John Ashmore - 11 South St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Edward Lucas & Son - 32 Fargate ~ Fork Mfr. James Hargreaves - 37 Silver St. ~ Fork Mfr. Green, Sampson & Co. - Bridge St. ~ Britannia Metal Mfr.,Spoon Maker. Some of these ceased hallmarking as early as the Stuart period (the Norwich assay office identified by a crowned lion passant and a crowned rosette shut in 1701), while others such as Chester (three wheat sheaves and a sword) and Glasgow (a tree, bird, bell and fish) were still operating into the post-war era. 2.Metal and fineness (purity) Mark Indicates the precious metal content of the article and that it is not less than the ineness of the article indicated. George Tillotson - Carver St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Although no longer compulsory, British hallmarks typically include a letter to indicate the year when a piece of silver was assayed. Birmingham Assay Office's overseas hallmark which officially launched in April 2019. Joseph Markham - 14 Hawley Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. Joseph Deakin - 17 Spring St. ~ Fork Mfr. ~ Table Knife Mfr. This was particularly true for makers who sold unmarked goods, who often made cheap electroplated items with lead handles, feet and knobs and a very light coating of silver. Thomas Clayton - 15 Solly St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Samuel Frost - 26 Jericho ~ Table Knife Mfr. E. P. W. M. Charles Rollison - Pea Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. Mark Wild - 66 Allen St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Specialist publications are essential for locating and unstanding the meaning of a huge proliferation of different marks and symbols used on Scottish provincial silver. R61-2/9-50E 1. Thomas Rooke - Pond Hill ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. The Edinburgh mark is a three-turreted castle (to which a thistle was added from 1759 until 1975 when a lion rampant replace the thistle); the mark for Sheffield was a crown until 1974 when it was replaced by a rosette, while the symbol for silver made in Birmingham is an anchor. William Barker - Carver St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Makers’ Marks on Copper and Brass. William Brown - 52 Bailey St. ~ Britannia Metal Mfr. & Nathaniel Creswick - 8 Paternoster Row ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Samuel & Joseph Wolstenholme - Spring St. ~ Britannia Metal Mfr. John Wilson - 4 Sycamore St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Joseph Clark - 40 Lambert St. ~ Britannia Metal Mfr. & Arundel St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Amos Staniforth - 30 Charles St. ~ Fork Mfr. The silver hallmarks of the lion passant (.925 purity) and the higher Britannia standard (.958 purity). Silver plate hallmarks have no recognised official system, but are often stamped with abbreviations. Howard, Battie & Hawksworth - Charles St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Some time later he opened his own business in Love Street, Sheffield as 'Britannia Metal Manufacturer' under the style of John A. Ashberry … 395 • • • ~ Table Knife Mfr. E. P. C. Electro Plated Copper Generic mark used by some firms. Samuel Bland - 65 Campo Ln. The company won the First Place medal for plated wares. W. J. Benjamin Brittain - 75 Carver St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Thomas Rodgers - 13 Carver Ln. The approximate dates reported in this page referring to the trade marks used by Dixon in Britannia metal (pewter) wares are largely based on the study made by Jack L. Scott in his book Pewter Wares from Sheffield. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Edward Eyre - Green Ln. C. & M. Shirtclift - 102 Broadlane ~ Table Knife Mfr. G. & S. Younge - 45 High St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Thomas Bacon - 45 Hollis Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. Broomhead & Ward - 4 Howard St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Joseph Cowley - 33 Pinstone St. ~ Table Knife & Fork Mfr. This measure was continued until 1720 and all silver marked between those two dates bore a lion’s head and the figure of Britannia in place of the lion passant. Roberts, Clayton & Emery - Solly St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Brownhill, Thorp & Co. - Hollis Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. Britannia Silver A silver alloy of high standard-usually 95.8%-not to be confused with Britannia Metal (pewter look). DUTY MARKS. Robert Powell - 25 White Croft ~ Fork Mfr. The restoration of Sterling standard in 1719 re-introduced the silversmiths initials as a form of marking. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Charles Sanderson - 4 Cornhill ~ Fork Mfr. Brittain, Wilkinson & Brownell - Carver St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. ~ Britannia Metal Mfr. ~ Spoon Maker. George Merrill - 41 Harvest Ln. William Harwood & Sons - 44 Norfolk St. ~ Table Knife Mfr.~ Silver or S.P. John Eyre & Co. - Coalpit Ln. A selection of European silver hallmarks. In 1784 the duty mark was created to indicate a tax on the item had been paid to … Their products included hundreds of items for use in the kitchen (e.g. Online Encyclopedia of Silver Marks, Hallmarks & Makers' Marks • • ... Electro Plated Britannia Metal Generic mark used by some firms. In 18th and 19th century Scotland more than 30 different silversmithing centres were active from Aberdeen to Wick with each ‘hammerman’ using their own mark. Joseph Holmes - Pond St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. William Godby - 5 Rayner's Yd. George Hardesty - Rockingham St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Gainsford, Nicholson & Co. - 90 Eyre St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. ~ Table Knife Mfr. JohnCarr - 64 Scotland St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. George Wolstenholm - 78 Rockingham St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. William Bennett - 82 Bridgehouses ~ Fork Mfr. Platinum's density and weight means when combined with other metals it makes it easier to craft. James Dyson - 4 Furnace Hill ~ Table Knife Mfr. Dublin’s assay office has been operating since the middle of the 17th century and silver is still marked there. The marks are: Town mark, corresponding to the mark of the Assay Office that has verified the piece Lion passant guardant or Britannia or lion's head erased, certifiying the silver quality Maker's mark, identifying the silversmith presenting the piece to the assay office (usually the initials of Christian name and surname of the silversmith) The one pictured, however, is a German .800 silver mark, depicting a crown and crescent moon along with the maker's mark of WTB-for manufacturer Wilhelm Binder. ~ Table Knife Mfr. 375, 376 & 377 Silver or Silver Plate Mfrs. Gregory & Staniland - 1 Jehu Ln. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. However, in 1696, rising concerns over the amount of coinage being melted down and used to make silver items meant that the required fineness was raised to the higher Britannia standard (.958 purity). The testing (assay) and hallmarking of gold and silver items in Britain goes back to the year 1300. A differentiated hallmark for articles hallmarked outside the UK by Birmingham Assay Office was officially launched in April 2019. However, the date letter system allows antique plate to be dated more accurately than almost all other antiques. William Howe - 37 Hollis Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. Green & Picksley - 14 High St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Thomas Bradley - 39 Newfield ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. William Spear - 55 Hollis Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. 369 & 370 Cutlers ~ Table Knife Manufacturers - pg. Henry Birch - 21 Hollis Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. Cast. Jas. Thomas Bromley - 18 Meadow St. - ~ Table Knife Mfr. The George III and Victoria ‘duty’ silver hallmarks. Thomas Harrison - 6 Garden St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Silver marked in Convention countries bears a maker’s mark, a common control mark, a purity mark and a country mark. The quality of the original pictures varies greatly and I have been obliged to use some pictures which are not as good as … William Skinner - 11 Park Hill - Park ~ Table Knife Mfr. Skelton & Myers - Crooks ~ Table Knife Mfr. John Ashmore - 83 Pea Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. Thomas Bashforth - Smith's Yd - Coalpit Ln. Following a successful conclusion to one of the largest cases of its type in years, a serial forger was jailed in 2008 for the faking and forging of antique silver makers' marks. Samuel Linley - Burgess St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Silver pieces imprinted with a lion denotes 92.5 percent silver — thus sterling silver — while the Britannia mark means that it has 95.8 percent pure silver. In 1478 the first permanent assayer was appointed and items had to be taken to Goldsmiths' Hall to be assayed and marked, the origin of the term \"hallmarking\". ~ Table Knife Mfr. William Liversage - 8 Redcroft ~ Fork Mfr. Dickinson & Rollison - 89 Pea Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. British & Irish silvermiths' makers marks indexed by Assay Office. Benjamin Brooke & Son - Sycamore St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Richard Staniland - 7 Broad Ln. The Meriden Britannia Company was formed in 1852 in Meriden, Connecticut as a manufacturing company focused on producing wares in britannia metal.. By 1876, the Meriden Britannia Company had grown a great deal and the company made significant efforts at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in that year. The site's main focus is the silver markings used on vintage and antique sterling and coin silver, for those of you interested in silverplate trademarks, we have now added a large section of silverplate marks. Kitching & Co. - Norfolk Ln. Left to right: Sterling silver, Britannia silver, gold, palladium, platinum Millesimal Fineness Mark This mark tells you how fine, or what quality, the metal is, as well as indicating the metal type. James Parkinson - Pea Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. John Shaw - Chapel Walk - Fargate ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Thomas Bradbury & Co. - Surrey St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Jonathan Dearden - 26 Garden St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Two examples are shown below. Jonathan Ashforth - 20 Radford St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Joshua Perkinton - 54 Holly St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. J. John Wood - 6 South St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Benjamin Clayton - 1 Division St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Roberts, Cadman & Co. - 5 Eyre St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Gerard Yates - 15 Arundel St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Joshua Shirtliff - 66 Rockingham St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. William Barge - 17 Pond St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Britannia metal (also called britannium or Britannia ware) is a specific type of pewter alloy, favoured for its silvery appearance and smooth surface.The composition by weight is typically about 92% tin, 6% antimony, and 2% copper.. Britannia metal is usually spun rather than cast, and melts at 255 degrees Celsius.. History. Joseph Elliott - 21 Nursery ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Samuel Eaton - 38 Hawley Croft ~ Table Knife & Fork Mfr.. John Elliott - 3 Balm Green ~ Table Knife Mfr. John Gillam - 45 Fluke St. - Park ~ Table Knife Mfr. Deakin & Hancock - 60 Hollis Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. Thomas Harwood & Co. - Arundel St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. William Houldsworth - 4 Castle St. ~ Spoon Maker. Assay Office's published guide detailing many of the fakes and forgeries. Bright & Sons - Market Pl. Richard Cockhill - Little Sheffield ~ Table Knife Mfr. William Barker - Barkfield ~ Table Knife Mfr. Since 1999 the inclusion of a date letter has not been compulsory. Charles Needham - 65 Wicker ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Joseph Anchor - 7½ - Arundel St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. silver in the pound troy, equivalent to 23 ⁄ 24, or 95.833% by weight silver, the rest usually being copper.. Martin Wolstenholme - Duke St. ~ Fork Mfr. J Dixon & Sons (James Dixon & Sons), founded 1806 in Sheffield, was one of the major British manufacturers of the Industrial Revolution.They were manufacturers of pewterware, electroplated Britannia metal, silverware and electroplated nickel silver. Sarah Wilson & Son - 61 Trippet Ln. Oldale & Ellen - Eyre Ln. Blagden, Hodgson & Co. - 20 Nursery ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Benjamin Wilkinson - Meadow St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. James Brookes - 25 Rockingham St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Thomas Whitaker - Cross Smithfield ~ Table Knife Mfr. William Ellis - Hawley Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. Samuel Staniforth - Little Sheffield ~ Table Knife Mfr. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. William Parkin - 6 Campo Ln. The marks identify the type and proportion of precious metal used in manufactured items, including jewellery, antique silver and objects. Britannia silver became the necessary standard for wrought plate silver across Britain, although in Ireland the same standard was never enforced, and Ireland had a very similar hallmark to Britannia- the Hibernia- in use between 1730 and 1807. T. Woodside Bateman - 16 Harvest ~ Table Knife Mfr. Thomas Parkin - 31 Green Ln. Hancock & Deakin - Hollis Croft ~ Table Knife Mfr. J. Dodworth & Son - 42 Burgess St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Daniel Hawley - 11 New Church St. ~ Silver or Silver Plate Mfr. Benjamin Martin - 12 South St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Samuel Foster - 88 Carpenter St. ~ Fork Mfr. William Parkin - 9 Broomhall Ln. Here, often for reasons of security and economy, it was prudent to operate outside the jurisdiction of the metropolitan assay houses of Dublin and Edinburgh. James Bramhall & Son - 37 Solly St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Smith & Moorhouse - 2 Furnival St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. Joseph Skidmore - 30 Bailey St. ~ Table Knife Mfr. 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