Sacagawea was a member of the Agaideka (Lemhi) Shoshone, who lived in the upper Salmon River Basin in present-day Idaho. They built Fort Clatsop near the Columbia River and stayedthereuntil March 23,1806. Sacagawea died in 1812, at the age of 24. Sacagawea was about 11- 13 years old when she was kidnapped by the Hidatsas and taken to present day Washburn, North Dakota. Theyarrived atthe Hidatsa villages two days later, where Sacagawea and her family departed the expedition. Sacagawea and the men left Fort Mandan on April 7, 1805, with her baby on her back and her husband by her side. Even though her name is spelled with a hard g most people call her Sacajawea with a j. Tragically, in 1800, she was kidnapped during a buffalo hunt by the Hidatsa tribe. There is no doubt in her mind that she is a skilled and determined fighter. Sacagawea traveled 5,000 miles (10,000 km) with her infant son. Sacagawea was the face of the National American Woman Suffrage Association in the early 20th century. Yvonne B. Miller, her accomplishments, and leadership attributes, so they can apply persuasive techniques to amplify her accomplishments, leadership attributes, as well as those in leadership roles in their community, Well never share your email with anyone else, MeriwetherLewis and William Clarks expedition westward from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Coast. As a result, Charbonneau was around 34 years old at the time of his marriage to Sacagawea in 1757. In 1800, when Sacagawea was around 12 years old, a group of Hidatsa Indians kidnapped her, along with several other girls in her Shoshone tribe. Unauthorized use is prohibited. Her skills as a chemist enabled her to identify edible roots, plants, and berries. William Clark's journal also . Ben Vaughn grew up in the Philadelphia area on the New Jersey side of the river. The most common spelling of the name of the. In November 1804, she. Abrams is now one of the most prominent African American female politicians in the United States. This didnt seem to sit well with Clark, who wrote to Charbonneau: Your woman who accompanied you that long dangerous and fatigueing rout to thePacific Ocian and back diserved a greater reward for her attention and services on that rout than we had in our power to give her. Perhaps thats part of the reason Clark offered to make sure the couples young son, whom Clark had affectionately called Little Pomp during the expedition, received a quality education. Every March, people in the United States celebrate the achievements and history of women as part of Womens History Month. What happened to Sacagawea A few years after she was kidnapped? Did Lewis and Clark treat Sacagawea well? Sakakawea was instrumental in guiding the way and providing vital information to the expedition as part of the trip. She gave birth to her first child, a baby boy, on February 1, 1805. (There were stories that it was another wife of Charbonneau who died at Fort Manuel, but historians don't give much credence to this.) There are seven variations of its spelling in the journals: Sah-kah-gar-we-a, Sah-ca-gar-me-ah, Sah-cah-gah-ew-a, Sah-cah-gah-we-a, Sah-cah-gar-we-ah, Sah-car-gar-we-ah and Sah-car-gar-me-ah. Her status as a feminist figure did not disappear (as of today). went back to the Upper Missouri River area and worked for Manuel Lisa, a Missouri Fur Company trader. When the corps encountered a group of Shoshone Indians, she soon realized that its leader was actually her brother Cameahwait. Without these supplies, the expedition would have been in serious trouble. Theres a great deal about Sacagawea that we just arent sure about, including how to spell and pronounce her name. Sacagawea, which means bird woman in Hidatsa, translates as bird woman. Sacajawea could also refer to a boat launch in Shoshone. "Sacagawea." Others believe that she re-joined the shoshone after the expedition, and died in 1884. She was alsoskilledat finding edible plants, which proved to be crucial to supplementing their rationsalong the journey. Historyor, more accurately, pop culturetends to remember Sacagawea as Lewis and Clarks guide, but her role in the expedition was more complex. There is some debate over the meaning of Sacagaweas name. getting kidnapped and sold into marriage, she ultimately triumphed by leading America to its success: expansionism to the west. What happened to Sacagawea after Lewis and Clark? [Sacagawea], we find, reconciles all the Indians, as to our friendly intentionsa woman with a party of men is a token of peace. The diaries of Lewis and Clark provide a wealth of information about their journey. Cameahwait was the leader of a group of Shoshone Indians, according to Sacagawea. Sacagawea spoke Shoshone and Hidatsa, and Charbonneau spoke Hidatsa and French; their ability to translate multiple languages would make it easy for the expedition to trade for horses with the Shoshone in order to trek through the Rocky Mountains. She was then sold into slavery. Her knowledge of the native languages made her an invaluable resource for the expedition. In 1800, when she was roughly twelve-years-old, she . She was skilled at finding edible plants. It was through her that the expedition was able to buy horses from the Shoshone to cross the Rocky Mountains. She was sold to Toussaint Charbonneau, a French-Canadian . Born to a Shoshone chief around 1788, Sacagawea had been kidnapped by an enemy tribe when she was about 12, then sold to a French-Canadian trapper. The attention inspired Marshall Crenshaw to record Bens Im Sorry (But So Is Brenda Lee) for his Downtown album. Despite traveling with a newborn child during the trek, Sacagawea proved to be helpful in many ways. 3. Sacagaweas life will be celebrated over the course of three years as part of a national event. She died at Fort Manuel, now Kenel, South Dakota, after leaving the expedition. Postal Service released a Sacagawea stamp in 1994; and the U.S. Mint issued Sacagawea golden dollar coins from 2000 to 2008. In 1809, it is believed that she and her husband or just her husband, according to some accounts traveled with their son to St. Louis to see Clark. Sacagawea, a young Native American, joined them. But Sacagaweas bravery and skill live on in the expeditions journals, which are full of praise for the 16-year-old Shoshone girl who guided the most famous American expedition of all time. We know her brother Cameahwait was chief of the Shoshone Indians, that she had been kidnapped by the Hidatsa Indians when she was about 10 years old and purchased by Toussaint Charbonneau to be one of his two wives. There is some ambiguity around, . Sacagawea left the group to return to what is now Bismarck, South Dakota, before the triumphant return of Lewis and Clark to St. Louis, Missouri, in 1806. Lewis and Clark spelled her name several different ways throughout their journals, and historians have disagreed about whether the proper spelling is Sacajawea, Sakakawea, or Sacagawea; whether its pronounced with a soft g or a hard one; and which syllable gets the emphasis. Denton, Tex. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Without these supplies, the expedition would have been in serious trouble. Here are nine facts about Sacagawea. She . One theory is that it means bird woman, based on the fact that her tribe, the Shoshone, were known for their skill in hunting birds. Sacagawea was married to a man named Toussaint Charbonneau. Sacagawea, a Lemhi Shoshone Indian, accompanied the Corps of Discovery expedition led by Captain William Clark and Merriwether Lewis. The English-Shoshone communication would require a four language chain interpretation. McBeth, Sally. When she wasapproximately 12years old, Sacagawea was captured by an enemy tribe, the Hidatsa,and taken from her Lemhi Shoshone people to the Hidatsa villages near present-dayBismarck, North Dakota. During the winter months,Lewis and Clark made the decision tobuild their encampment, Fort Mandan,near the Hidatsa-Mandan villages where Charbonneau and Sacagawea were living. . She convinced the Shoshone to provide additional guides and horses to the expedition members. and the expedition reached the Pacific Ocean on November, Clarks journal shows that Sacagawea contributed, , a sign of the respect the white, male crewmembers held for her knowledge of the land, They built Fort Clatsop near the Columbia River and stayed, For the return journey, the Corps divided into two groups. Sacagawea was only 17 years old when he joined Lewis and Clarks Corps of Discovery. Spouse(s) of Toussaint Charbonneau, Spouse(s) Sacagawea, Otter Woman, and more children. He was about 41 years old. Early life. She was born a member of the Lemhi Shoshone tribe. It is believed that Sacagaweas second child, Lizette, died during childhood as there is no mention of her after her mothers death. Sacagawea was kidnapped from her Shoshone village by Hidatsa Indians when she was twelve years old. That is unless youre talking to a historian from North Dakota, where official state policy dictates her name be spelled Sakakawea., Additional Source: Lewis and Clark: An Illustrated History by Dayton Duncan and Ken Burns, 2023 Minute Media - All Rights Reserved. Tuscaloosa, Ala.: University of Alabama Press, 1996. Sacagawea served as interpreter and guide for the Meriwether Lewis and William Clark expedition that traveled west from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Coast. : University of North Texas Press, 2003. It was believed that she was a Lemhi Shoshone who settled in Lemhi County. How Old Was Sacagawea When She Died Sacagawea was only 25 or 26 when she died, most likely of an infection related to childbirth. How Old Was Sacagawea When She Was Kidnapped Sacagawea was captured by an enemy tribe, the Hidatsa, when she was about 12 years old, and was taken from her Lemhi Shoshone people to the Hidatsa villages near Bismarck, North Dakota, at the time. The Agaideka (Lemhi) Shoshone lived in the upper Salmon River Basin of Idaho, where Agnes Sakakawea was born. She brought him along, carrying him in a cradleboard tied to her back. member of the Corps of Discovery was hired for a special skill such as hunting, woodworking, blacksmithing, and sailing. Around 1800 when Sacagawea was between 11 or 13 years old, the Hidatsas raided her camp and kidnapped her and other young Shoshone women making them their prisoners. An anonymous, premature death is at odds with Sacagawea's modern-day status as an American icon. She traveled to Washington, D.C., in 1837 to meet with President James K. Polk and discuss the possibility of purchasing the territory now known as Idaho. 1800-1803 In 1800 Sacagawea was kidnapped by the Hidatsa tribe during a buffalo hunt.When she got to their camp,she was the only one there who spoke Shoshone,she must have been very lonely, but while she was at the Hidatsa tribe for three years she learned to speak the Hidatsa language. National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Gift of Mrs. Joseph Harrison Jr. On December 21st, 1804 Lewis and Clark and his group of Corps of Discovery explorersdecided to settle in Fort Mandan for the winter. In 1800, Sacagawea was kidnapped and taken to North Dakota, where he remained for three years. Sacagawea is assumed to be a Hidatsa name (Sacaga means bird and wea means woman) based on the journal entries of expedition members. In his journal Clark once referred to her as Janey. Only a few months after her daughter's arrival, she reportedly died at Fort Manuel in what is now Kenel, South Dakota, around 1812. There is so much discussion and argument as to the spelling of her name: Her name in the Shoshone language means Bird Woman and in Hidatsa Boat Launcher. Jean Babtiste was offered an education by Clark, the explorer who had won the hearts of Charbonneau and Sacagwea. Fun Facts. The Gros Ventres of Missouri are not to be confused with the Gros Ventre of the Prairies. Clark wrote in his journal on July 13,1806: The Indian woman . Sacagawea was born in either 1788 or 1789. Her popularity skyrocketed during the early twentieth century as a significant historical figure. Pomp was left in Clark's care. In 1810, Sacagawea gave birth to a daughter. In that case, the third syllable, However, many Shoshone Indians maintain that it is a Shoshone name meaning boat launcher, in what is now the state of Idaho. Lewis and Clark hired Charbonneau as a member oftheir expedition, the Corps of Discovery,whileSacagawea was expecting her first child. This answer is: In November 1804, an expedition led by .css-47aoac{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#A00000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-47aoac:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}Meriwether Lewis and William Clark entered the area. According to American Indian oral tradition, she died in 1884 on Shoshone land. Best Answer. Genres BiographyPicture BooksHistoryChildrensNonfictionCultural picture book First published January 1, 2003 Book details & editions About the author Lise Erdrich In February 1805, Sacagawea gave birth to a son named Jean Baptiste Charbonneau. Even though she was pregnant with her first child, Sacagawea was chosen to accompany them on their mission. Picture of Toussaint Charbonneau introducing one of his wives, Sacagawea, to Lewis and Clark. Later, she was enslaved by the French Canadian trader Toussaint Charbonneau, along with another Shoshone woman. ette in 1812. After Sacagawea's death, Clark looked after her two children, and ultimately took custody of them both. Sacagawea grew up surrounded by the Rocky Mountains in the Salmon River region of what is now Idaho, a member of the Lemhi tribe of the Native American Shoshone tribe. They were near an area where her people camped. Another important fact was that she was kidnapped by Hidatsa Indians when she was 10 or 11 years old. Inyearof1803,LewisandClarksetoutonanadventuredeclaredbyThomasJefferson . Her performance as the heroine of the Lewis and Clark expedition is well known. The daughter of a Shoshone chief, Sacagawea's name means "boat puller" or "bird woman" (if spelled as Sakakawea). Sacagawea delivered her son Jean-Baptiste Charbonneau (known as Baptiste) on February 11, 1805. Frazier, Neta Lohnes. The U.S. Navy has named three ships after her over the years; the U.S. Sacagawea lived among the Hidatsa tribe until 1803 or 1804, when she and another Shoshone woman were either sold or gambled away to a French-Canadian fur trader named Toussaint Charbonneau, who lived among the tribe. ", According to Washington University history professor Peter Kastor, the spelling Sacajawea, with the accompanying soft g sound on the j, became the prominent one simply because that's the one the Philadelphia-based editor picked when Lewis and Clarks journals were published. Sacagawea and Charbonneauthenwent back to the Upper Missouri River area and worked for Manuel Lisa, a Missouri Fur Company trader. Often called the Corps of Discovery, the Lewis and Clark Expedition planned to explore newly acquired western lands and find a route to the Pacific Ocean. She had given birth to at least three children, the last one just a few months before her death. In 1800, when she was 12 years old, Hidatsa warriors raided her tribe and captured many young people, including Sacagawea. Charbonneau was a French Canadian trapper. [Sacagawea] deserved a greater reward for her attention and services on that route than we had in our power to give her at the Mandans. In 1805, Sacagawea gave birth to her son, Jean Baptiste Charbonneau, while traveling with the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Sacagawea was born in 1788 near the Salmon River in what is now Idaho. She was held captive at a Hidatsa village near present-day Washburn, North Dakota. However, according to some Native American oral histories, Sacagawea, Janet Yellen: The Progress of Women and Minorities in the Field of Economics, Elinor Lin Ostrom, Nobel Prize Economist, Lessons in Leadership: The Honorable Yvonne B. Miller, Chronicles of American Women: Your History Makers, Women Writing History: A Coronavirus Journaling Project, We Who Believe in Freedom: Black Feminist DC, Learning Resources on Women's Political Participation, https://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-2000891, https://www.nps.gov/lecl/learn/historyculture/sacagawea.htm, http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/inside/saca.html, http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/inside/tchar.html. Sacagawea is a very important hero. When he was hired as a guide for Lewis and. The students will discuss diversity within the economics profession and in the federal government, and the functions of the Federal Reserve System and U. S. monetary policy, by reviewing a historic timeline and analyzing the acts of Janet Yellen. The Lewis and Clark expedition traveled 5,000 miles (8,000 kilometers) in 16 months during this period. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. They built Fort Clatsop near present-day Astoria, Oregon, and they remained there until March of the following year. Sacagawea and her babyhelpedthose they encountered feelit was safe to befriend the newcomers. Carrying her infant son on her back, Sacajawea helped guide the famous team Further, Sacagaweawas valuable to the expedition becauseher presencesignifiedpeace and trustworthiness. Kidnapped from her Shoshone tribe when she was just eleven or twelve, Sacagawea . In 1983, he formed the Ben Vaughn Combo. The infant was just four months old when Charbonneau, Sacagawea and little Jean Baptiste joined expedition. Since 2009 the design of the reverse of the coin has been changed every year. Idaho is now a state in which she was born around 1788. With the acquisition of so much land, it was necessary to determine the actual boundaries ofthecountry. The expedition, instruments, books, gunpowder, medicines, and clothing. At the age of twelve (1800) she was kidnapped by a group of Hidatsa and the battle that provoked it caused the death of four women, four men and several boys from the Shoshone tribe. Jean Baptiste Charbonneau, with his wife, Marie Dorion, founded Fort Laramie in Wyoming in 1805. She was taken from her Rocky Mountain homeland, located in today's Idaho, to the Hidatsa-Mandan villages near modern Bismarck, North Dakota. One notable example came during the return trip, when Sacagawea suggested the group travel through Montana's Bozeman Pass, rather than the Flathead Pass, due to Bozeman being a lower, safer trip. To explore this new part of the country, Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark on a two-year journey to report on what they found. They took them to their encampment on the Missouri River, about twelve miles from current Washburn, North Dakota. She was only about twelve years old. Read More Sacagawea's actual birthdate is not known. Though she was moved to tears, she resumed her duty as interpreter. Jefferson hired Virginias Meriwether Lewis to explore theland. She met Lewis and Clark while she was living among the Mandan and Hidatsa in North Dakota, though she was a Lemhi Shoshone from Idaho.May 15, 2018. She would travel with them for two years, from October 1804 to August 1806, from North. The name Sacagawea can be pronounced in a variety of ways, but it is not always the best way to do so. National Women's History Museum, 2021. When a boat she was riding on capsized, she was able to save some of its cargo, including important documents and supplies. Remaining calm, she retrieved important papers, instruments, books, medicine, and other indispensable valuables that otherwise would have been lost. Later she was sold as a slave to Toussaint Charbonneau, a French-Canadian Fur Trader who lived among the Indians. According to the tourism official, Lady Bird Johnson was the most celebrated woman in American history. Sacagawea was taken as a slave to the Hidatsa's village near present-day Washburn, North Dakota. The Hidatsa derivation is usually supported by Lewis and Clarks journals. The Shoshones were constantly attacked by the Hidatsa Indians also known as Minitaree Sioux or Gros Ventre, allies with the Mandans, and by the Blackfeet. When she was around the age of 12, she was captured by the Hidatsa tribe and taken to present-day North Dakota. Howard, Harold P.Sacajawea. The Native American woman who showed Lewis and Clark the way. According to his service, Charbonneau received 320 acres of land valued at $500.33, while Sacagwea received no compensation. According to the theory, Clark received information from Luttig. Did Sacagawea disappear? On April 7, 1805, the Lewis and Clark party set out on their expedition to explore the unknown Northwest. Her courage and knowledge of native plants, languages, and terrain all contributed to the success of the expedition. Most of the times the Shoshones were defeated, had their possessions raided or destroyed and their members killed or kidnapped. Reenactment Sacagawea became an invaluable member of the expedition. Sacagaweawas an interpreterand guideforMeriwetherLewis and William Clarks expedition westward from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Coast. Portrait of young Sacagawea by Marie Antoinette. She demonstrated her leadership abilities by assisting the expedition members in crossing the wide, treacherous rivers and braving the dangerous buffalo herds. American National Biography. Sacagawea and her husband lived among the Hidatsa and Mandan Indians in the upper Missouri River area (present-day North Dakota). Born circa 1788 (some sources say 1786 and 1787) in Lemhi County, Idaho. [Note: All journal entries are presented sic throughout.]. (Charbonneau had adopted several aspects of Hidatsa culture, including polygamy.) New York, D. McKay Co., 1967. According to Lewis, he didnt regain his composure until another crewman threatened to shoot him if he didnt take hold of the rudder and do his duty.. Sacagawea was kidnapped in 1800, which would have made her about 13 years old, by the Hidatsa tribe, and some sourses believe, was kept as a slave. ThoughSacagaweas role as a guidewas limited to the Idaho/Montana region where shehad grown up(rather than the entirety of the expedition), she still proved criticalto theCorps. Fun Facts about Sacagawea 6: being kidnapped. The couple had two children together, a son named Jean-Baptiste and a daughter named Lisette. Pomp means leader. Several mountains and a glacier named for her have been named after her, but many people are unaware that Mount Sacagawea is Wyomings eighth-highest peak. She suggested that I follow the Rocky Mountains (now known as Bozeman Pass) to get there. In April of 1805, the expedition resumed their journey up the Missouri River, now along with Sacagawea, Charbonneau, and their infant son, Jean-Baptiste Charbonneau, who Sacagawea had given birth to just months earlier. However, not much is known about Lizette's life, except that she was one of the few people who survived the Indian attack on Fort Lisa in 1812. Accessed January 7, 2021.https://www.nps.gov/lecl/learn/historyculture/sacagawea.htm, Sacagawea. PBS. Historians believe Sacagawea was born in 1788 or 1789 to the Lemhi Shoshone tribe, whose traditional homeland was near the Salmon River in what is now Idaho. A progressive social reformer and activist, Jane Addams was on the frontline of the settlement house movement and was the first American woman to wina Nobel Peace Prize. Chicago Potter, Teresa, and Mariana Brandman. As they passed through her homeland, Sacagawea remembered Shoshone trails from her childhood and helped the expedition find their way through. Jean Baptiste Charbonneau, Lisette Charbonneau, and more. Charbonneau knew Hidatsa and the sign languages common among the river tribes, , where they would likely encounter and need to trade with the Shoshone, is and Clark hired Charbonneau as a member of, The Americans stayed in their relatively safe and warm camp through the winter of 1804-05 and waited. Most of what we know from her comes from the Lewis and Clark journals of the Corps of Discovery expedition. Something about Sacagawea excites the interest of several warriors during the course of this story, but she is forced to marry a sly, truculent French trapper named Charbonneau, by whom she has a son at only 14. This answer is: Her presence was regarded as a peace offering and her greatest contribution. When he was hired as a guide for Lewis and Clarks expedition in 1804, Sacagawea also joined as an interpreter to talk to Native-American people on their 8,000-mile journey. Jan 17, 1803. Native American Indians did not develop a written language; oral Indian tradition holds that Sacagawea died in 1884 and is buried in Wyoming. 2013-04-12 21:46:43. She traveled thousands of miles from North Dakota to the Pacific Ocean between 1804 .